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53. Dermatocarpon miniatum [bright red].
This umbilicate foliose lichen, when dry, has the tough texture of a fingernail. It grows on rocks that may be sporadically irrigated. The thallus is gray, with small black dots that actually are perithecia although one might think they are pycnidia. The underside is reddish brown, often somewhat wrinkled, and never with rhizines.
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54. Lasallia (Umbilicaria) pustulata subsp. papulosa [with pustules; with small papillae].
A gray, umbilicate lichen characterized by having blisters on the upper cortex which are matched by corresponding indentations on the lower surface. It is abundant on shaded north faces of massive outcrops of granite in the outer foothills. The thallus is attached by a single umbilicus, and the underside has very fine papillae.